Understanding The Silent Threat Zero-Click Malware

Posted 11th August 2023

Malware attacks continue to evolve and become more sophisticated. One such type of malware that poses a significant threat is zero-click malware. Unlike traditional malware that requires user interaction, zero-click malware can infect devices silently, making it a potent tool for cybercriminals. So, how does zero-click malware work, and what are its potential risks to individuals and organisations?

Understanding Zero-Click Malware

Zero-click malware refers to malicious software that can infiltrate a device without any action or interaction required from the user. Traditional malware often relies on users clicking malicious links, downloading infected files, or opening malicious email attachments. On the other hand, zero-click malware leverages vulnerabilities in software, operating systems, or network protocols to exploit devices remotely and install malware without user intervention.

Methods of Delivery

Zero-click malware can be delivered through various means; some of the common delivery methods include:

• Malicious Links: Attackers send carefully crafted links via email, messaging apps, or social media platforms. When users receive these messages containing the links, the malware is automatically installed on their devices without any interaction required.
• Network-Based Attacks: Cybercriminals exploit vulnerabilities in network protocols or software to compromise devices when they connect to compromised or malicious networks, such as public Wi-Fi hotspots. Devices may become infected simply by connecting to these networks without any user action.
• Malicious Content Delivery: Malware can be hidden within files, images, or videos downloaded or opened automatically by the device's software or operating system. Exploiting vulnerabilities in these software components allows for silent malware installation.

Examples of Zero-Click Malware

Zero-click malware has gained notoriety due to its ability to silently infect devices without any user interaction. Some notable incidents serve as reminders of the real-world impact of this insidious threat. 

Pegasus Spyware - Developed by NSO Group, Pegasus could infect iOS and Android devices without user interaction. Once installed, Pegasus had extensive surveillance capabilities, compromising privacy and security.

WhatsApp Vulnerability - In 2019, a vulnerability in WhatsApp allowed attackers to install spyware on devices without any user interaction. The exploit involved using the app's voice-calling feature to send malicious code to the target device.

Trident Exploit Chain (iOS) -  Discovered in 2016, the Trident exploit chain targeted vulnerabilities in Apple's iOS operating system. It enabled attackers to compromise iOS devices remotely, installing spyware without user interaction.

Protecting Against Zero-Click Malware

Mitigating the risk of zero-click malware requires proactive measures. Here are some best practices:

• Keep Software Updated - Regularly update your devices and software with the latest security patches and updates. These updates often address known vulnerabilities, reducing the risk of exploitation.
• Use Reputable Security Software - Install and maintain reputable antivirus software on your devices. These tools can help detect and block malware, including zero-click threats.
• Exercise Caution - Be vigilant while clicking links or downloading files, especially from unfamiliar sources. Verify the sender's credibility before opening attachments or clicking suspicious links.
• Secure Network Connections - Avoid connecting to untrusted or public Wi-Fi networks. If necessary, use a virtual private network (VPN) to encrypt your data and add an extra layer of security.

Zero-click malware poses a grave threat as it can infect devices without user interaction, enabling cybercriminals to conduct espionage, surveillance, or financial theft. Understanding how zero-click attacks work and adopting robust security practices is crucial for safeguarding personal and organisational devices from these silent threats. By staying informed, practising caution, and keeping software up to date, users can significantly reduce the risk of falling victim to zero-click malware and protect their data and equipment. 

To discuss protecting your business against cyber security threats, please get in touch with a member of our security team.

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Download your Dark Web scan guide here

Have you ever heard of the Dark Web? It’s as ominous as it sounds. Download Our Guide to find out if your business is protected!

Get your Guide Now